Paintings in the trace of Christ at The National gallery – London’s Trafalgar Square – Part 5

© Jeannette D’Souza 2025

Welcome to my blog ‘Paintings in the trace of Christ’- part 5 the final part to this series. Following on with the story of Jesus from my previous blog, I continue with relevant photos of paintings of Christ with related Bible extracts, and also my thoughts around the themes.
This blog commences with Jesus dying on the cross and culminating into the glory of His Resurrection and Pentecost!
Once again my sincere thanks to The National Gallery of London for letting me explore their exquisite collection and enabling me to express the spiritual side of art. It was a delight to study these awesome pieces through the eyes of faith and interpret in my own way the very many biblical themes!

I would like to wish all visitors in advance a very Happy and Blessed Easter 💫✝️💫
May our resurrected Lord bring you great joy, peace and bless you with immense graces during this festive season!

Christ on the Cross with the Magdalen, the Virgin Mary and Saint John the Evangelist, about 1643- Eustache Le Sueur (1616-1655)

“Truly, truly, I tell you, unless a kernel of wheat falls to the ground and dies, it remains only a single seed. But if it dies, it produces many seeds.” (John 12:24..)
Oh my Jesus forgive us our sins, save us from the fires of hell, lead all souls to heaven especially those who are in most need of Thy mercy, Amen🙏

Jesus suffered silently through the agony and pain, His suffering restored our connection with God, His death bought our salvation!
Oh my soul thou art raised in this grace and favour bestowed upon thee…
The artist Eustache Le Sueur depicts a forlorn moment of affliction, helplessness, questioning, and racked agony. The focus is on Christ who is at the point of death- His pale body giving way toward the earth as He surrenders His Spirit to the Father. There are such sombre expressions and gestures drenched in grief- the pallor and limp hands of Mother Mary in disbelief as to what has just passed before her eyes…, St John’s grasp onto his cloak in shock beating it to his chest, while the imploring hands joined by St Mary Magdalen kneeling in distress, all these evoke powerful imagery of emotions. The dramatic effect is heightened by the dark and gloomy atmosphere of the eclipse, just as Jesus is about to surrender His spirit to the Father…The ground at the front hints at the bright red showing through the top layers of paint once again depicting blood shed for the redemption of all!

The Blood of the Redeemer about 1465-Giovanni Bellini (about 1435-1516)

“This cup is the new covenant between God and his people—an agreement confirmed with my blood, which is poured out as a sacrifice for you. (Luke 22-20)
Prayer🙏- By the precious wound in Your Sacred Side and through the pain of the lance which pierced Your Sacred Side, may the Precious Blood and water that pour out from there cure the sick, raise the dead, solve our present problems and teach us the way to our God for eternal glory. Amen!
And by His wounds we are healed!

The artist Giovanni Bellini focuses our gaze on the wounded side of Christ where a sharp lance pierced our saviour, his blood poured out for our salvation as He embraced the cross.
The face of Christ is heavy with pain and his frail limp body bearing the weight of the cross stands rooted, the symbolical cross bears the crown of thorns. The precious blood of Christ is shown flowing and is collected by an angel in a chalice.
Bellini’s depiction in this painting conveys the symbolic nature of the mystery of the body and blood of Christ and the unconditional offering of Christ!
This painting might have been the door to a tabernacle where the Holy Eucharist was stored. The carved reliefs behind Christ might have been painted due to the influence from Bellini’s brother-in-law Andrea Mantegna who studied closely the sculpture of classical antiquity.

The Lamentation at the Foot of the Cross, probably 1750-60-Giovanni Domenico Tiepolo (1727-1804)

The soldiers therefore came and broke the legs of the first man who had been crucified with Jesus, and then those of the other. But when they came to Jesus and found that he was already dead, they did not break his legs. Instead, one of the soldiers pierced Jesus’ side with a spear, bringing a sudden flow of blood and water. John (19:32-34)

After Jesus dies on the cross, His body is taken down and Mary rests her son on her lap in deep woe… looking upon the lifeless body of her son she is flooded with grief, with her heart torn she looks up towards heaven mourning his death.
St John the evangelist is seen in a red cloak weeping ceaselessly, St Mary Magdalene throws herself in grief to the ground lamenting upon her dear Lord.. on the right, Nicodemus and Joseph of Arimathea watch the sad plight of their master while the soldiers carry on with their duties of taking the other bodies down from the cross. Onlookers watch unsettled upon the distressing scene.
The artist Giovanni Domenico Tiepolo depicts a heart breaking moment with poignant movements. His depiction of the emotions and the nature of grief, the torments from loss and the awesomeness of such great a sacrifice in selfless offering is felt deeply in this painting.
Although the composition is based on Rembrandt’s ‘Lamentation over the Dead Christ’, yet it remains unique and powerful in imagery of spiritual conveyance.

The Lamentation over the Dead Christ, about 1515-16-Francesco Francia (about 1447- 1517)

When the centurion and those who were with him keeping watch over Jesus, saw the earthquake and what took place, they were filled with awe, and said, “Truly this was the Son of God!”. There were also many women there, looking on from afar, who had followed Jesus from Galilee, ministering to him. (Matthew 27:54-55)

The artist Francesco Francia holds the viewer fixed in reflection at this scene, his depiction of lamentation is very prayerful and supports visual veneration. A bereaved mother in a surrendering poise of open arms looks on helpless as her son’s body is being prepared to be taken to the tomb. St John and St Mary Magdalen support Christ’s body in readiness to be taken for burial. Joseph of Arimathea looks on in a prayerful stance while a woman (who would have possibly followed Jesus up to Calvary) mournfully watches the scene. Jesus rests on the tomb stone and the empty new rock cut tomb to the rear left awaits his burial…
There is a promise to be fulfilled awaiting every soul, ‘the third day’!
The painting is probably from a predella(the base of an altarpiece), placed over the plinth for an altarpiece showing narrative scenes from the life of Christ.

The Entombment of Christ, early 1570s-El Greco (1541-1614)

And Joseph bought a linen shroud, and taking him down, wrapped him in the linen shroud and laid him in a tomb that had been cut out of the rock. And he rolled a stone against the entrance of the tomb. (Mark 15:46)

The lifeless body of Jesus is wrapped in white linen, soon to be lowered into the tomb below. St Mary Magdalene is wholeheartedly immersed in embalming Christ’s body with the sacred oil that she’s stored… Mother Mary sorrowfully in veneration swaddles her son’s feet for that tearful last goodbye. While St John and Joseph of Arimathea support the body of Christ, the women of Jerusalem and other mourners watch this final scene as Jesus will be lowered soon into the sepulchre.
The artist El Greco poured his feelings into this narration, notice that he portrayed Christ’s contorted body very gracefully, while the expressive figures surrounding Christ are placed elegantly in fluid motion bringing about a lyrical narration. The brilliant jewel-like colours are typical of El Greco’s idiosyncratic style and he painted this piece during his time in Rome. It shows that he was indeed inspired by the work of great masters Raphael and Michelangelo, from whom he borrowed poses for this composition.
Gallery Info- The bearded man with the cap in the far background is Titian, with whom El Greco may have studied in Venice. The reverse of this painting(like the other El Greco hanging nearby), is painted to resemble a precious wood. It may have been intended to be used without a frame, as a portable aid for private prayer.

The Man of Sorrows about 1385-1400-Probably by Jacobello del Bonomo (documented 1375-1385)

Now if we be dead with Christ, we believe that we shall also live with Him: Knowing that Christ being raised from the dead dieth no more; death hath no more dominion over Him. For in that he died, he died unto sin once: but in that he liveth, he liveth unto God. (Romans 6:8-11)

The artist Jacobello del Bonomo based this composition on a Byzantine image. It shows Christ Jesus set in front of the cross standing immersed half way inside the sepulchre. Large drops of blood spurt out from his side and hands, his racked lifeless countenance reflects signs of tremendous suffering before his death.
Paintings of this subject were made as a focus for contemplation of Christ’s suffering and death, the artist holds the viewers in reflective meditation.
This panel once was a part of a larger multi-panelled altarpiece.

The Resurrection!
When the perishable has been clothed with the imperishable, and the mortal with immortality, then the saying that is written will come true: “Death has been swallowed up in victory.”(1 Corinthians 15:54)

“Why do you look for the living among the dead? He is not here; He has risen! Remember how he told you, while he was still with you in Galilee: ‘The Son of Man must be delivered over to the hands of sinners, be crucified and on the third day be raised again.’ ” (Luke 24:5-7)

The inner left panel with the Virgin and the apostles and saints, behind them are three rows of confessors, hermits and members of various religious orders.
Christ Glorified in the Court of Heaven, about 1423-4- Fra Angelico (active 1417; died 1. (At the centre Christ with angels)
The inner right panel are forerunners of Christ, male and female saints, and martyrs with palms.

Exult, let them exult, the hosts of heaven,
exult, let Angel ministers of God exult,
let the trumpet of salvation
sound aloud our mighty King’s triumph!
Be glad, let earth be glad, as glory floods her,
ablaze with light from her eternal King,
let all corners of the earth be glad,
knowing an end to gloom and darkness.
Rejoice, let Mother Church also rejoice,
arrayed with the lightning of his glory,
let this holy building shake with joy,
filled with the mighty voices of the peoples.
(Extract from the Exsultet- the proclamation of Easter)

The artist Fra Angelico is one of my favourites and his depiction of Christ Glorified in the Court of Heaven needless to describe speaks volumes…I hope you enjoy zooming into these panels, they are a real visual treat filled with brilliant kaleidoscopic colours, elaborate adornments and notable expressions!
This is a 5 panelled predella (the area below the main field) of the high altarpiece, still in San Domenico, Fiesole. This was Fra Angelico’s own friary. However I have only included 3 panels above as the outer two went blurry.
Both outer panels contain Dominican beati (blessed) with rays around their heads.

Noli me tangere about 1514- Titian (active about 1506; died 1576)

Now Mary Magdalene stood outside the tomb crying. As she wept, she bent over to look into the tomb and saw two angels in white, seated where Jesus’ body had been, one at the head and the other at the foot.
They asked her, “Woman, why are you crying?”
“They have taken my Lord away,” she said, “and I don’t know where they have put him.” At this, she turned around and saw Jesus standing there, but she did not realize that it was Jesus.
He asked her, “Woman, why are you crying? Who is it you are looking for?”
Thinking he was the gardener, she said, “Sir, if you have carried him away, tell me where you have put him, and I will get him.”
Jesus said to her, “Mary.”
She turned toward him and cried out in Aramaic,“Rabboni!” (which means “Teacher”).
Jesus said, “Do not hold on to me, for I have not yet ascended to the Father. Go instead to my brothers and tell them, ‘I am ascending to my Father and your Father, to my God and your God.’” Mary Magdalene went to the disciples with the news: “I have seen the Lord!” And she told them that he had said these things to her. (John 20:11-18)

The artist Titian gracefully narrates the mysterious encounter of Mary Magdalene with the resurrected Lord Christ Jesus!
Titian’s delicate yet affirmative interpretation adds a mystery and powerful spiritual overtone which is awesome and reflective. Mary in her doleful spirit laments her Lord in the Garden of Gethsemane and yearns for Him, she is soon soothed by our Lord appearing in his resurrected stance. As Mary reaches out towards him our Lord responds ‘Do not touch me’ (in Latin- noli me tangere…).
The words ‘noli me tangere’ on different levels are symbolic and spiritual- Mary must let go of Christ’s earthly form and later on through her dedication in service transform her complete self toward the Lord! The artist presents to us the symbolism of the earthly to the heavenly through the distant new morning glow and the glory of Christ’s resurrection, to the dark shadows of the caves that will fade away soon with the light of the sun. Mary’s left hand touches the earth and her right is upwards towards Christ! Her faith will soon turn upwards to an ethereal love, of a faithful promise that she too shall be raised in the resurrection of her Saviour!!
The lines described by the landscape echo their movement.
This painting speaks in a gentle yet truly powerful way and urges us to dwell on Christ and His promise to us all!!

The Road to Emmaus, about 1516- 17 -Altobello Melone (about 1490; died before 1543)

I love the reading below as it often brings me touching reassurances from Jesus, it offers much hope and for the sake of holistic interpretation I’ve included the entire passage.

Now that same day two of them were going to a village called Emmaus, about seven miles from Jerusalem. They were talking with each other about everything that had happened. As they talked and discussed these things with each other, Jesus himself came up and walked along with them; but they were kept from recognizing him.
Jesus asked them, “What are you discussing together as you walk along?”
They stood still, their faces downcast. One of them, named Cleopas, asked him, “Are you the only one visiting Jerusalem who does not know the things that have happened there in these days?”
 “What things?” he asked.
“About Jesus of Nazareth,” they replied. “He was a prophet, powerful in word and deed before God and all the people. The chief priests and our rulers handed him over to be sentenced to death, and they crucified him; but we had hoped that he was the one who was going to redeem Israel. And what is more, it is the third day since all this took place. In addition, some of our women amazed us. They went to the tomb early this morning but didn’t find his body. They came and told us that they had seen a vision of angels, who said he was alive. Then some of our companions went to the tomb and found it just as the women had said, but they did not see Jesus.”
He said to them, “How foolish you are, and how slow to believe all that the prophets have spoken! Did not the Messiah have to suffer these things and then enter his glory?” And beginning with Moses and all the Prophets, he explained to them what was said in all the Scriptures concerning himself.
As they approached the village to which they were going, Jesus continued on as if he were going farther. But they urged him strongly, “Stay with us, for it is nearly evening; the day is almost over.” So he went in to stay with them.
When he was at the table with them, he took bread, gave thanks, broke it and began to give it to them. Then their eyes were opened and they recognized him, and he disappeared from their sight. They asked each other, “Were not our hearts burning within us while he talked with us on the road and opened the Scriptures to us?”
They got up and returned at once to Jerusalem. There they found the Eleven and those with them, assembled together and saying, “It is true! The Lord has risen and has appeared to Simon.” Then the two told what had happened on the way, and how Jesus was recognized by them when he broke the bread.
(Luke 24: 13-35)

The artist Altobello Melone depicts a scene close to our hearts as the season of Lent draws to a close…, we eagerly await for Christ’s passion to culminate into His resurrection and rejoice at Easter! Even so we are drawn to relate to the joy that awaits the 2 travellers on their way to Emmaus as they encounter our risen Lord and later break bread with Him! The painting speaks to me of a divine reassurance and most importantly the faithfulness of God….
Christ is shown wearing a pilgrim’s hat with its traditional shell. In the distant background the three travellers are depicted again approaching the village Emmaus.

Pentecost, probably about 1310-18 -Giotto and Workshop (about 1267 or 1276; died 1337)

When the day of Pentecost came, they were all together in one place. Suddenly a sound like the blowing of a violent wind came from heaven and filled the whole house where they were sitting. They saw what seemed to be tongues of fire that separated and came to rest on each of them. All of them were filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak in other tongues as the Spirit enabled them.(Acts 2: 1-4)

The artist Giotto, another one of my favourites depicts the Pentecost in beautiful muted tones, possibly completed at his workshop with students around…
When the apostles receive the Holy Spirit in the form of a dove and tongues of fire the outsiders witness the scene and marvel at the miracles taking place. The witnesses are awed to see the different gifts of the Holy Spirit emanating through the actions of the twelve apostles, and how their newfound ability enables them to preach the gospel in different languages!
This panel was the final scene in a low rectangular altarpiece showing seven episodes from Christ’s life.

The Coronation of the Virgin with Adoring Saints, 1407-9 – Lorenzo Monaco (active 1399; died 1423 or 1424)

As this is one of my favourite themes of our Lady I have included this to end the blog.

“Finally the Immaculate Virgin, preserved free from all stain of original sin, when the course of her earthly life was finished, was taken up body and soul into heavenly glory, and exalted by the Lord as Queen over all things, so that she might be the more fully conformed to her Son, the Lord of lords and conqueror of sin and death” (extract- The catechism of the Catholic Church- CCC, 966).

The theme from the 5th glorious mystery – The crowning of Our Lady Queen of Heaven is depicted beautifully by the artist Lorenzo Monaco.
As the Virgin Mary is being crowned Queen of Heaven by Christ, angels rejoice in song and the scene is flanked by saints on either sides. If you expand this painting you will notice how very gorgeous it is, the intricate details and embellishments with the bejewelled colours are a delight, the composition is lively and breathtaking!
Gallery info of the painting- Those on the left include: Benedict (in white) with a book inscribed with the words from his Rule; Matthew, with a book inscribed with words from his Gospel; Miniato; Stephen, with the stones on his head with which he was martyred; and Francis. Among the saints on the right are: Romuald (in white); Peter holding keys; John the Evangelist with a book inscribed with words from his Gospel;Lawrence and Dominic.
The altarpiece came from the Camaldolese monastery (now destroyed) of San Benedetto fuori della Porta Pinti, Florence.

With this last pic I conclude my blog series ‘Paintings in the trace of Christ’, I sincerely hope you loved journeying with me through the five part blogs!
While studying the paintings I found myself reading the scriptures more to understand their deep spiritual meaning at different levels. Each time I read the relevant parables or verses from the Bible, and applied its relevance to everyday life, I grew more in understanding of the deeper and profound interpretations of every line written!
Thank you for taking the time to read and I hope you too found the paintings amazing🙏

Once again a very Happy and Blessed Easter to you all! 💚💫🌟✝️🌟💫 💚

🌟🌸🌷🌟🌷🌸🌟🌷🌸🌟🌷🌸🌟🌷🌸🌟

– Jeannette D’Souza 18/4/2025

© Jeannette D’Souza 2025